Monday, March 31, 2025

In the Footsteps of Moses: A Lenten Voyage with St. Gregory of Nyssa (Step#29)

 

Scripture Reading: Exodus chapters 31,32 and 34.

Brief outline of the chapters: Exodus 31 describes God’s appointment of Bezalel and Oholiab, filled with the Spirit of God, to craft the tabernacle and its furnishings. It also emphasizes the importance of observing the Sabbath as a sign of the covenant between God and the Israelites.

Exodus 32 recounts the Israelites’ creation and worship of a golden calf while Moses is on Mount Sinai. Angered by their idolatry, God intends to destroy them, but Moses intercedes, pleading for mercy. Moses then destroys the calf, rebukes the people, and calls for those loyal to God to execute judgment on the idolaters.

Exodus 34 describes God renewing the covenant with Israel after the golden calf incident. Moses carves two new stone tablets, and God reaffirms His covenant, proclaiming His attributes of mercy and justice.

St. Gregory chiefly focuses the commentary on the tablets of stone.

Lessons from St. Gregory of Nyssa (‘Life of Moses’):

Moses, who has progressed to this level of spiritual ascent, holds in his hand the tablets inscribed by God with the divine Law. These tablets are broken due to the Israelites’ sin of creating and worshipping a golden calf. Moses pulverizes the idol, mixes the powder with water, and makes the Israelites drink it, symbolizing the complete eradication of idolatry. St. Gregory interprets this as a prophetic sign of the disappearance of idolatry in his own time, as those who once worshipped idols now embrace the true faith.

Moses then arms the Levites, who then killed many Israelites without distinction, is seen by St. Gregory as a lesson about collective responsibility and punishment. When a whole community participates in evil, the punishment of some serves as a warning and correction for the entire community. It is similar to punishing a person for wrongdoing by whipping. Any part of the body that is struck will experience pain, which affects the entire body. Similarly, when a group engaged in wrongdoing is disciplined, the punishment of one member serves as a warning or correction for the whole group emphasizing that the suffering of a part can led to the repentance and purification of the whole.

St. Gregory sees Moses' call to those who are on the Lord's side to join him, and their subsequent killing of their brother, friend, and neighbour (Exodus 32:27), as a symbolic call to spiritual warfare against one's own sinful habits and thoughts.

St. Gregory points out “brother,” “friend,” and “neighbour” do not always have positive connotations. He cites the example of Aaron, who both helped Moses against the Egyptians and also made the golden calf idol for the Israelites, is used to illustrate the dual nature of 'brotherhood'. The same person can be both a helper and a hindrance, just as our own thoughts and habits can be both beneficial and detrimental. In this context, the terms “brother”, “friend” and “neighbour” can also represent negative aspects of our inner thoughts and habits that lead us away from God.

Therefore, the act of using the sword against these “brothers,” “friends,” and “neighbours” symbolizes the need to confront and eliminate our sinful thoughts and behaviours. By doing so, we purify ourselves and bring about spiritual life. The death of these evil habits leads to our spiritual life, while their life leads to our spiritual death.

The historical detail of the Israelites removing their earrings upon Aaron’s instruction to create the golden calf is interpreted spiritually. Moses had adorned the Israelites with the Law, symbolized by the earrings. However, through disobedience, this adornment was removed by a false brother and repurposed to create an idol.

St. Gregory draws a parallel to the first sin in the Garden of Eden. The serpent was perceived by Adam and Eve as a companion and neighbour when he advised them that violating the divine commandment would be advantageous and beneficial for them, meaning they should metaphorically remove the earring of the divine commandment from their ears. Those who annihilate such ‘companions’ and ‘neighbours’, will hear from Moses- “Today you have been ordained for the service of the Lord, each one at the cost of a son or a brother, and so have brought a blessing on yourselves this day.” (Exodus 32:29) [The commentary on Tablets of Stone to be continued in tomorrow’s posting].

Questions for Personal Reflection:

1. What “golden calves” or idols have I allowed into my life that distract me from my relationship with God? 

2. How do I respond when it feels like God is taking too long to answer my prayers or guide me? In what ways can I cultivate patience and trust in God’s timing, rather than seeking quick fixes or alternative solutions? 

3. In what ways can I contribute to the spiritual well-being of my community/family? What steps can I take to ensure that my actions and decisions positively influence others in their faith journey?

In Christ,

Rincy

 

Ref: Gregory of Nyssa, Saint. The Life of Moses. Translated by A.J. Malherbe and E. Ferguson, HarperCollins, 2006, pp. 95-98. HarperCollins Spiritual Classics series. (Original translation published by Paulist Press, 1978).

Disclaimer: The content presented here is a paraphrased summary based on my reading and understanding of the book cited above and is intended solely for educational and devotional purposes during Lent. They are not intended to replace the original work or represent the views of the author or publisher. Readers are encouraged to refer to the original book for a comprehensive understanding.

No comments:

Post a Comment